Electric safety cut-out



(No Model.)

0. J. VAN 'DEPOELB ELECTRIC SAFETY GUT-OUT.

No. 291,649. Patented Jan. 8, 1884.

UNITED STATES PATENT ELECTRlC SAFETY CUT-OUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,649, dated January 8, 1384,

Application tiled April 2l, lSSl. (No model) To (all whom 0' may concern,.-

Beit known that I, GrmnLEs J. VAX DE- roELE, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Safety Cut-Outs for Electric Lamps, (by induced current) and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this speciiication.

My invention relates to a new and useful attachment to electric lamps, and it consists of an arrangement by means of which, iu aseries of lamps, in case of an abnormal elongation of the arc in such lamp, said lamp shall be automatically cut out of circuit, thus preventing the other lamps in circuit being extinguished by the breaking ot' the circuit in the faulty lamp. This I accomplish in a novel way, not by a derivation between the carbonpoints, as is generally done, but by an induced current, not in circuit with the general circuit or a shunt therefrom, but by an induced current obtained from lthe vibrating` electromagnet, which I employ in connection with the feed mechanism ofthe lamp.

rIhe following is a clear explanation of the principle upon which the invention is based, and how brought to operate, reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming part of my specification.

Figure l shows a front elevation of the electric-arc lamp, with the automatic arrangement attached to the saine. tro-magnets working the mechanism of the feed A, which is provided with two separate helices, A A", that form the primary and secondary circuits of an inductioircoil, one of said circuits (preferably A) being traversed by a pulsating current in a derivation from the main circuit, such as patented by me, No. 262,333, August S, 1882, Xo. 257,989, May 16,

1.882; No. 261,280, July IS, 1882, and as used in all my lamps at present. rilhis circuit in this instance is as follows: The inner end of coil A is, by a proper conductor, 9, connected to the negative pole of lamp at A7, while the outer end of same coil is connected by a wire, l0, to an insulated contact-screw, I, from whence it passes to springcon'tact S', which is in con nection, through the vibrator and all the metallic parts of top of lamp, with the positive A and B are the elecpole. rlhe second coil. if, around this elec tro-magnet is entirely independent of and insulated from the former circuit. rlhe terminals O O2 are leading-wires transmitting an induced current from coil A2, produced by the interruption or vibration of coil A', to an automatic cut-out of any suitable description, two kinds of which are shown in the drawings at Figs. I and 3. I is the electro-magnet in thc main circuit. C is a small electromagnet intended to release the detent D upon E. E is a contact insulated from the rest et" the lamp frame, and electrically connected to negative binding-post N by screw F, by suitable con. ductor, 7. I and are the positive and negative bindingposts.

Fig. 2 is a side view of electro-magnet A, provided with contact breaker or vibrator, such as described iu an application now pending on electric-arc lamps. rlhe current in this electro-n1agnet is taken between the positive and negative binding-posts of the lamp, being thus a derivation from the main current. rllie electro-magnet A has two separate and independent windings.l A Ai, around its coreone, A, in a derivation, as above said, from the main circuit. rllhe second coil, A, is thoroughly insulated from. the latter circuit, and is intended to produce a current induced by the intermittent and pulsatory current in the primary coil A, which induced current will be proportional to the current present in A when the same is made and broken. The current thus produced is intended to operate thc detent D, and to cut out of circuit the lamp or carbons, in ease the latter fail to feed. O and O2 are t-he two terminals of the induced= current coil. rllhe coil A2 can be made either with nc or coarse wire, so as to produce a current of high or low potential, as may be needed.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the electricarc lamp, in which the automatic arrangement is not operated, as in Fig. I, by an electro-magnet, C, but by a platinum or other inetallic wire, U, expanded by the heat produced in said wire by the passage ot' the induced current fromA. \Vhen the wire C expands, the catch C2 responds to the action of a spring, S, thus releasing the detent D upon E and cutting the lightcircuit out ol operation. The detent I) is ol' considerable size, and. being in IOC electrical connection with the frame and all l pand on the passage of the current produced positive parts of the lamp, when liberated, completes a short circuit, including the frame of the lamp, and of ample capacity to carry the whole current. 0 and O are connectingwires to C from coil A2. Normally the current enters positive binding-post, passes over to carbon at 2, to lower carbon, and by suitable conductor, at 3, to insulated screxr 4, up to 5, into coil of B, out at G to 7, thence to 8, which is in connection with negative binding-post of lamp. rlheinsulationisiurther i11- dicated in black. The rheotome necessary to the operation of and omitted from Fig. 3 is clearly shown in Fig. l, and also separately in Fig. 2.

Having described the diiiereut parts of my invention, I will now explain the same when in operation.

My aim has been in this device to produce an arrangement requiring no closed derived circuit to operate the automatic cut-out of a lamp. It often happens that, for some cause or other, the automatic arrangement depending upon a derivation from the main circuit does not come into operation in time, and thus burns out the fine wire placed in such derivation, which has to be replaced in order to make the lamp work again, whereas in my system of employing a pulsatory derived circuit instead of a continuous one Irun no risk of burning out the fine wire in my lamps, and, moreover, I am enabled to generate a current which, although not being common either with the main or derived circuit, and having no electrical connections with either, will be able to operate an automatic arrangement or device for cutting a faulty lamp out of circuit, or complete the circuit when it is open between two carbons in a lamp.

As above stat-ed, the electro-magnet A is wound with two separate helices, A and A2. A is in a derivation from the main circuit between the two poles of the lamp, the current in which helix is constantly made and broken. The second helix, A2, is perfectly insulated from the former circuit, and it emits a current that is induced bythe pulsating or intermittent current in A, so that whenever the current in A is weak very little current will be generated in A2; but, on the contrary, when the current in A increases, so will the current in A2, which is made to work the automatic device abcve referred to.

Fig. l shows the arrangement operated by an electro-magnet, C, excited by the induced current of A2. Although the current in A2 is alternating, by giving the right proportions to electro-magnet C, it will be sufficiently energized to enable it to raise its armature G2 and liberate the detent D. However, if it is desirable, the electro-magnet C can be replaced by a iine platinum wire, which will exin A2, and so operate the cut-out, as shown in Fig. 2. The current iii-A2 will rise and fall with the current in A', so that whenever A receives more than its normal current the current in A2 will also increase correspondingly, and thus be made to operate the devices above explained and described.

I do not limit myself to the above method of producing the induced current in the coils of A2. Any other disposition of the pulsating shunt-current can be adapted to develop an induced current in an independent helix, and this current applied to operate a circuitcloser.

Vhat l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an electric-arc lamp, an electro-inagnet located in a derivation between the carbons, and provided with a vibrating circuitbreaker operating to produce a pulsating current in the coils of said electro-magnet, in combination with a secondary helix wound thereon, but not electrically connected to the same, and connections, substantially such as described, whereby the induced current operates a safety cut-out for electric-arc lamps, as described and specified.

2. In an 'electric-arc lamp, a coil in which an induced current is produced by the pulsations or interruptions in an electro-magnet, the coils of which are in a derivation between the two carbons in the lamp, and which is provided with vibrating ci rcuit-breakin g devi ces, said induced current being adapted to operate a circuit-closer in said lamp, as described and specified.

ln an electric-arc lamp, an electro-magnet wound with two helices, one ot' said heliees being in derived circuit, and provided with a rheotome adapted to produce therein a pulsating derived current, the other helix being well 4insulated from the former, and adapted to emit a secondary current underthe infiuence of the pulsating derived current, and by means ot' devices, substantially such as described, to work a circuit-closer, as described, and for the purposes set forth. 4. In an electric-arc lamp, the contact-piece E, well insulated from the metallic parts ot' the lamp, and properly connected to the negative binding-post thereof, in combination with the detent D, held inl place by catch 0", the expanding wire C, and insulated eye G, all operated by the secondary current produced in a coil wound on the shunt electro-magnet oi' the lamp, as above described, and for the purpose set forth.

CHARLES J. TAN DEPOELE.

Witnesses:

NORMAN T. GA ssn'r'ria, li-Ino. l). BAILEY.

lOl

IIO 

